PhD in International Relations, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
The present paper raises the question of what role the United Nations has played in US foreign policy in light of the theory of soft power since 9/11, and argues that the United Nations has been the best means of enforcing American values since its inception. And the protection of its interests in the international arena and has played an important role in the development of soft power, the achievement of the desired goals and international legitimacy in US foreign policy. At this point, after the withdrawal of its forces from Iraq, the United States was able to infiltrate and be present at various levels of the country. So, as in many Middle Eastern countries, it was influenced by US soft power, and US foreign policy did not retreat from soft power in the future. The US strategy changed after the military withdrawal from Iraq, from a hard war to a soft war, with the influence of civil and social institutions, mainly with the tools of democratization and the protection of human rights and the promotion of free thought. In fact, since 9/11, the United States has declared itself a benevolent hegemon to advance its values in the form of democracy, human rights, and the fight against terrorism, rather than the United Nations's position and role in American foreign policy as a means to an end. The national interests of that country should be based on expanding interventionism and symbolic multilateralism.
Ahmadi, Kourosh (2006). Reforms in the United Nations and Iran's Strategy, Tehran: Strategic Research Center of the Expediency Council[in Persian]
Ahmadi, Kourosh (2007), Security Council and its Restructuring Issue, Tehran: Ministry of Foreign Affairs Publications[in Persian]
Alberkliaar, Claude (1989), Institutions of International Relations, translated by Hedayatullah Filsafi, Volume I, Tehran: New Publication[in Persian]
Albright, Madelin (1995), The United States and the United Nations Confronting or Consensus?, United States Department of State Dispatch, 6 February, available at:
Almus, Ronald and Kenneth Pollack (2003) "The Unwarranted Value of Weapons" Translated by Parisa Rezaei, Aftab, Third Year, Spring, No. 29[in Persian]
And Multilateral cooperation The Obama Administration’s Progress” ,Washington D.C, pp1- 45, available at:
Brookings Institution (2011) ” Revitalizing The United Nations
Cetron, Marvin J. and Owen Davies (2008) ” The shaping of the New World order” WFS.pp1- 36, available at:
Eikenberry, J. John (2003), The Only Superpower: American Hegemony in the 21st Century, translated by Azim Fazlipour, Tehran: Contemporary Abrar[in Persian]
Gardiner, Nile and Brett D. Schaefer (2006) ” John Bolton: A Powerful Voice for America at the United Nations” July 2, available at:
Guerong, Kyu and Yaokan (2007) "Reform in the United Nations is a Difficult Effort" Translated by Ahmad Reza Tagha, Journal of International Organizations, No. 1, June[in Persian]
Heppler, Biham and Di Messo Lee Weller (2002) "World Politics at the Crossroads: After 9/11" Translated and summarized by Mohammad Reza Sardari, Journal of Defense Policy, Nos. 40 and 41, Fall and Winter[in Persian]
Kupchan, CharlesA. And G. JhonIkenbery (1990)” Socialisation and Hegemonic Power International Organisation” International Journal, 44, No. 2, available at: journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S002081830003530X
com/.../la-oe-bacevich-multipolar-world-20110817
Lawrences, Finkelstein (1969)” The United States and International Organization: the changing setting” Cambridge and London: the M.I.T. press www.heritage.org/organizations/international-organizations
Mann, Michael (2004) “ The first failed Empire of the Twenty-first century” in(ed) David Help and Mathias Koeningarchibug, American Power in The 21st century, Cambridge: polity press, at: http://journals.cambridge.org/action/login;jsessionid=9375F45629F839EDE779A2E62ADBBA1A.journals
Morgenthau, Hans G. (1995), Politics among Nations, translated by Homeira Moshirzadeh, Tehran: Office of Political and International Studies[in Persian]
Mottaqi, Ebrahim (1995) "The Post-Cold War Era and the Security Riddle in the Persian Gulf" Journal of Defense Policy, Third Year, No. 2 and 3, Spring and Summer[in Persian]
Najafzadeh, Mehdi (2004) "The Genealogy of Neoconservatives" American Book for American Neoconservatives, World Studies, No. 4, Tehran: Abrar Moaser Tehran, 19-11[in Persian]
Pourahmadi, Hossein (2003) "America and the Necessity of Taking a Multilateralist Approach: Reluctance or Impotence" Defense Strategy, First Year, First Issue, Summer, 1-20[in Persian]
Prantel, Jochen (2007) "Informal Groups of Countries and the UN Security Council" Translated by Dr. Seyed Ali Tabatabai, Journal of International Organizations, No. 1, Spring, 43-53[in Persian]
Robinson, William and Kenneth Northworth (1987), The War of Dreams, translated by Ali Rashidi, Tehran: Information Institute Publications[in Persian]
Safaer, A (2003)” On the Neccessity of Pre-emption” European Journal of International Law 14(2): 209-26, at: oxfordjournals.org/content/14/2/209.abstract
Schlensinger, Stephen (2009), Act of Creation, Colorado, Westview Press, Budler, Washington. , available at:
Slaughter, Anne Marie and William Burulce white (2003) ”The UN Must Help bring justice to Iraq” Financial Times, 9April, at: princeton.edu/~slaughtr/Commentary/JusticetoIraq
Wirth, Timothy (2003) “American Foreign Policy: Debate At The Crossroads” The Council On Foundations Annual Meeting, available at:
Zakerian, Mehdi (2003) "America: From the United Nations to Supremacist Unilateralism" Regional Studies: Israeli Studies - American Studies, Year 4, Issue 2, Spring, 22-1[in Persian]
Zakerian, Mehdi (2007) "Human Rights in the New Millennium" Foreign Policy, No. 62, Summer, 20-1[in Persian]
mehrnia,H. (2020). The soft power and function of the United Nations in American foreign policy after 11 September 2001. Soft power Studies, 10(22), 389-409.
MLA
mehrnia,H. . "The soft power and function of the United Nations in American foreign policy after 11 September 2001", Soft power Studies, 10, 22, 2020, 389-409.
HARVARD
mehrnia H. (2020). 'The soft power and function of the United Nations in American foreign policy after 11 September 2001', Soft power Studies, 10(22), pp. 389-409.
CHICAGO
H. mehrnia, "The soft power and function of the United Nations in American foreign policy after 11 September 2001," Soft power Studies, 10 22 (2020): 389-409,
VANCOUVER
mehrnia H. The soft power and function of the United Nations in American foreign policy after 11 September 2001. Soft power Studies, 2020; 10(22): 389-409.