An Analysis of the characteristics of Western information-communication war against Russia in the academic discourse of Russian Ideologists

Document Type : Original Article

Author

Department of Political science , Ferdowsi university of Mashhad

Abstract
This research based on a descriptive analysis method, focuses on the ICT aspects of geopolitical tensions and therefore selects the Russian case in the field of information warfare. The main purpose of this paper is to analyze the information and ideological tensions of the West against Russia in the academic discourse of Russia on the basis of conflicting narratives and ideological-geopolitical paradoxes.The main question of this article is how and through what tools the West has spread Russian phobia in the academic discourse of Russian and non-Russian social sciences? The analytical background of this paper is the views of some Russian ideologists and thinkers, and the main hypothesis of this research is that the West has managed a successful information war against Russia through six thematic-narrative areas. Accordingly, in the discourse of Russian elites and ideologists, Russia has been, in most cases, the main victim of the West in the information-media war and on this basis, Russia today is also trying to counterbalance with West by designing a new ideological narrative and expanding media influence - information-centric against the United States, though Russia's power and capacity in this field is limited against the West.

Keywords


  • Aliaksandrau, A. (2014) Brave new war: The information war between Russia and Ukraine. Index on Censorship, 43(4), 54–60.
  • Armistead ,Leigh (2007) Information Warfare: Separating Hype from Reality, Nebraska: Potomac Books publisher
  • Barbashin ,Anton and Alexander Graef (2019 )Thinking foreign policy in Russia: Think tanks and grand narratives, accessed on NOV 12, Available link at: https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/in-depth-research-reports/report/thinking-foreign-policy-in-russia-think-tanks-and-grand-narratives/
  • Basulto,Dominic(2015) Russophobia: How Western Media Turns Russia Into the Enemy, Dominic Basulto publisher
  • Berzina, Ieva (2018) the Narrative of Information Warfare against Russia in Russian Academic Discourse, Journal of Political Marketing, 17:2, 161-175,
  • Binding,Mitchell (2019)What Is ‘Technology Of The Color Revolutions’: Why It Occupies Such A Prominent Place In Russian Threat Perceptions, Canadian Military Journal, Volume 19, Number 4, Autumn, pp:54-59
  • Blank, Stephen (2013) Russian Information Warfare as Domestic Counterinsurgency, American Foreign Policy Interests, 35(1) pp: 31-44
  • Blank, stephen (2017) Cyber War and Information War à la Russe, in George Perkovich and Ariel E. Levite, Understanding cyber conflict ,Washington: Georgetown university press ,pp:81-98
  • Cameron, John (2017) Eurasianism is the New Fascism: Understanding and Confronting Russian, accessed on February 2, Stanford politics, available link at: https://stanfordpolitics.org/2017/02/02/ eurasianism-new-fascism/
  • Cheravitch, Joe (2019) What Translation Troubles Can Tell Us About Russian Information Warfare, Commentary (Small Wars Journal), Accessed on October 4, Available link at: https://www.rand.org/blog/2019/10/what-translation-troubles-can-tell-us-about-russian.html
  • De Waal, T., M. Lipman, L. Gudkov, and L. Bakradze. (2013) the Stalin Puzzle: Deciphering Post-Soviet Public Opinion. Accessed on August 19, 2013. http://carnegieendowment.org/2013/03/01/stalin-puzzle-deciphering-post-soviet-publicopinion/fmz8#
  • Dugin, A. (2012b) The Fourth Political Theory, London: Arktos, (English translation)
  • Dugin, Alexander (2012a) Geopolitics and International Relations. London: Arktos (English translation)
  • Falah, Rahmatullah (2010). "An Analysis of the Epistemological Foundations of the New Eurasianists in the Region", Quarterly Journal of Strategic Studies of the Islamic World, Eleventh Year, No. 2, 42. [in Persian]
  • Fridman,Ofer (2017) The Russian perspective on information warfare: conceptual roots and politicization in Russian academic, political, and public discourse. Defense strategic communication, Vol.2. Spring, pp: 61-86
  • Fursov, A. (2012) Information Warfare against Russia. Accessed on June 28,available link at : ahttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0teIQp_uOvU. (with English subtitle)
  • Hachaturov, K. (2013) The State as Its Own Image Maker. Accessed on August 20, 2013. Available link at ; http://www.ng.ru/politics/2000-07-20/3_selfpr.html
  • Hinkle, Katherine T. (2017) Russia's reactions to the color revolutions, Master thesis, Monterey, California: Naval Postgraduate School
  • Hoskins,Andrew (2018) Information war in the Russian media ecology: the case of the Panama Papers, Continuum: Journal of Media & Cultural Studies, 32(2) 250-266
  • Jensen,Donald N. (2017) Is Russia losing the information war , available link at: http://infowar.cepa. org / EN/Is-Russia-losing-the-information-war
  • McConnachie, J., and R. Tudge (2008) The Rough Guide to Conspiracy Theories. London: Rough Guides.
  • Nikitinа,Yulia (2014)The Color Revolutions and Arab Spring in Russian Official Discourse, Connections, Vol. 14, No. 1 (Winter ), pp. 87-104
  • Panarin, I. (2006) Information Warfare and Geopolitics, Moscow: Москва: ⊓околение.(English translation)
  • Panarin, Igor and Panarina (2003) informative Warfare and the World, Moscow: Olma Press, Mосква: Олма ⊓ресс. (English translation)
  • Panarin, Igor. ( 2012b) Ideology of Eurasian Union, Planeti. Accessed on August 23, 2013. Available link at: http://oko-planet.su/politik/politiklist/130536-igor-panarin-ideologiya-evraziyskogo-soyuza.html
  • Panarin, Igor. (2012a) Warfare of Britain and USA against Russia; Accessed on June 28, 2013. Available link at: https:// www.youtube.com/watch?v=PYBC_b2Ai0c (with English subtitle)
  • Prav, Vladimir (2016) Color Revolutions and Net-Centric Warfare: Geopolitical Struggles and the Functioning of Networks, Global Research, accessed on February 26, available link at:https:// www. globalresearch.ca/color-revolutions-and-net-centric-warfare-geopolitical-struggles-and-the-functioning-of-networks/5510230
  • Rastorguyev, S. (1999) Information Warfare. Moscow: Москва: Радио и связь. (English translation)
  • Renz,Bettina (2019) Russian responses to the changing character of war, International Affairs, Volume 95, Issue 4, July , Pages 817–834
  • Singer ,P. W. and Emerson Brooking (2018) Like War: The Weaponization of Social Media, Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt
  • Tkachenko, S. (2011) Information Warfare against Russia. Saint Petersburg: Piter (English translation)
  • Waltz, Edvard (1998) Information Warfare: Principles and Operations, New York: Artech Print on Demand
  • Zarei Hadak, Masoumeh; Ghorbani, Arsalan and Karimi, Gholamreza (2015). "Russian Eurasianism, Foundations, Thoughts and Results and Its Impact on the Russia-Iran Relations from 2000 to 2015", Quarterly Journal of International Relations Studies, No. 20, Summer, pp. 39-64. [in Persian]
  • Zinovyev, A. (1995) Russian Experiment, Moscow: Наш дом. (English translation)