basijasatidSoft power Studies2322-558013420240121Russia's smart power policy (soft and hard) in Syria, with an emphasis on confronting Turkey 2011-2023Russia's smart power policy (soft and hard) in Syria, with an emphasis on confronting Turkey 2011-2023934190106FAEhsanJafari Fartehran azadHabiballahAbol Hasan ShiraziAssociate Professor of International Relations, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran BranchJournal Article20240112The Syrian internal crisis started in 2011, but with the intervention of regional andextra-regional actors, it turned into one of the most complex international crises.Russia and the United States are extra-regional players and Turkey, Iran, Saudi Arabia are regional players in this crisis who tried to succeed in maintaining or overthrowing Basharal-Assad's regime by using soft and hard powerThe confrontation between Russia and Turkey in the Syrian crisis and the superiority of Russia's position in maintaining the regimeof Bashar al-Assad is the aim of this research, so in this article, an attempt will be made to strategically and intelligently combine the soft and hard power(smart power) of Russia against Turkey, focusing on the Syrian crisis.be paid The main question is, how has Russia used smart power against Turkey's intervention in the Syrian crisis (2011-2023)?In order to examine the issue in the framework of the intelligent power point of view, from Joseph Nye's pointof view, Russia's soft power in the dimensions of culture, value and foreign policy and hard power in the military andeconomic dimensions have been discussed.The findings of this research show that in the Syrian field,Russia's smart power has been used with more emphasis on soft power to restrain Turkey, and the most important achievement of Russia from the use of smartpower, without serious military involvement withTurkeyis to preserve Basharal-Assad's regimeand prevent action. Turkey's extensive military action against Syriahas beento take the initiativeof peace talks and gain strategic advantage by signing military and economic contracts. The Syrian internal crisis started in 2011, but with the intervention of regional andextra-regional actors, it turned into one of the most complex international crises.Russia and the United States are extra-regional players and Turkey, Iran, Saudi Arabia are regional players in this crisis who tried to succeed in maintaining or overthrowing Basharal-Assad's regime by using soft and hard powerThe confrontation between Russia and Turkey in the Syrian crisis and the superiority of Russia's position in maintaining the regimeof Bashar al-Assad is the aim of this research, so in this article, an attempt will be made to strategically and intelligently combine the soft and hard power(smart power) of Russia against Turkey, focusing on the Syrian crisis.be paid The main question is, how has Russia used smart power against Turkey's intervention in the Syrian crisis (2011-2023)?In order to examine the issue in the framework of the intelligent power point of view, from Joseph Nye's pointof view, Russia's soft power in the dimensions of culture, value and foreign policy and hard power in the military andeconomic dimensions have been discussed.The findings of this research show that in the Syrian field,Russia's smart power has been used with more emphasis on soft power to restrain Turkey, and the most important achievement of Russia from the use of smartpower, without serious military involvement withTurkeyis to preserve Basharal-Assad's regimeand prevent action. Turkey's extensive military action against Syriahas beento take the initiativeof peace talks and gain strategic advantage by signing military and economic contracts. https://www.spba.ir/article_190106_086d80bab4701cbda5f1910b83e68bb3.pdfbasijasatidSoft power Studies2322-558013420240121Exercising sovereignty over national cyberspace by relying on international lawExercising sovereignty over national cyberspace by relying on international law3554188502FASeyed HoseinAlaviCyber space strategic management student- Supreme National Defense UniversityMohamad RezaHoseiniEducational Department of Cyberspace Strategic Management of National Defense UniversityMehrabRamakEducational Department of Cyberspace Strategic Management of National Defense UniversityJournal Article20231128At the beginning of the formation of cyberspace, some theorists believed that the development of cyberspace and the establishment of economic, political and cultural interactions at the global level would be accompanied by definitions such as demarcation, land demarcation, demilitarization and de-governance, but it is now widely accepted. Cyberspace is not a law-free area where anyone can engage in any hostile activity by engaging in unregulated behavior without regard to internationally accepted rules, regulations and rules. The main issue of this study is whether the current principles and rules of international law, with determination and transparency, prevent cyber-hostile acts that violate the sovereignty of countries on cyber territory, and these reliable principles and rules in protecting the sovereignty of countries. Are they on national cyber territory? This paper concludes by reviewing the documents, principles and rules of international law related to national cyber sovereignty, which has been done using the qualitative content analysis method and the software tool of Mexico City, the principles and rules of current international law of the necessary efficiency and ability to protect Countries do not have national cyber sovereignty, and generally acts of violation of national cyber sovereignty of moderate and low severity (including: use of force, unauthorized intervention, etc.) are not prosecuted. Therefore, these rules and principles do not have the necessary deterrent against destructive actions and violations of national cyber sovereignty.At the beginning of the formation of cyberspace, some theorists believed that the development of cyberspace and the establishment of economic, political and cultural interactions at the global level would be accompanied by definitions such as demarcation, land demarcation, demilitarization and de-governance, but it is now widely accepted. Cyberspace is not a law-free area where anyone can engage in any hostile activity by engaging in unregulated behavior without regard to internationally accepted rules, regulations and rules. The main issue of this study is whether the current principles and rules of international law, with determination and transparency, prevent cyber-hostile acts that violate the sovereignty of countries on cyber territory, and these reliable principles and rules in protecting the sovereignty of countries. Are they on national cyber territory? This paper concludes by reviewing the documents, principles and rules of international law related to national cyber sovereignty, which has been done using the qualitative content analysis method and the software tool of Mexico City, the principles and rules of current international law of the necessary efficiency and ability to protect Countries do not have national cyber sovereignty, and generally acts of violation of national cyber sovereignty of moderate and low severity (including: use of force, unauthorized intervention, etc.) are not prosecuted. Therefore, these rules and principles do not have the necessary deterrent against destructive actions and violations of national cyber sovereignty.https://www.spba.ir/article_188502_c3b4c604cfd51f97429e607320100894.pdfbasijasatidSoft power Studies2322-558013420240121The behavior of Iranian and American foreign policy decision makers
In the Iran nuclear conflict (Combination of hard and soft power)The behavior of Iranian and American foreign policy decision makers
In the Iran nuclear conflict (Combination of hard and soft power)5579194169FAMohsenGhezelseflooPh.D. Candidate in Political Sciences, Department of Political Science, Faculty of Law and Political Science, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran.0009-0002-3627-8103Ali AkbarJafariProfessor of International Relations,
Department of Political Sciences,
Faculty of Law and Political Science, University of Mazandaran,0000-0002-7543-6365MortezaAlavianAssociate Professor, Department of Political Science, Mazandaran UniversityMohammadRadmardAssistant Professor, Department of Political Science, University of Mazandaran0000-0001-5681-0019Journal Article20240130According to the non-proliferation treaty of nuclear weapons, enjoyment of nuclear energy for the peaceful purposes is the right of the independent countries. But the pursuit and effort of the Republic of Islamic of Iran to gain this right has become the greatest challenge in the foreign policy of this country and clearly a contrast between Iran and the unites States of America and will continue in the indefinite future. The main question is what is the relationship between elites and nation of Iran and America with the formation of the confrontational foreign policy and the disagreement in the nuclear program of Iran? Scientific findings of this research shows, while the main competition between the American presidents is how to curb Iran's nuclear program, Iran's leader's emphasis on promoting nuclear knowledge and the policy of the presidents of Iran is in how to promote it. According to the writers of this research, using James Roseau’s national and international theory is a suitable approach for addressing this subject. They have also tried to provide an appropriate answer to this question using explanatory method, library resource documents and a few statistical resources.According to the non-proliferation treaty of nuclear weapons, enjoyment of nuclear energy for the peaceful purposes is the right of the independent countries. But the pursuit and effort of the Republic of Islamic of Iran to gain this right has become the greatest challenge in the foreign policy of this country and clearly a contrast between Iran and the unites States of America and will continue in the indefinite future. The main question is what is the relationship between elites and nation of Iran and America with the formation of the confrontational foreign policy and the disagreement in the nuclear program of Iran? Scientific findings of this research shows, while the main competition between the American presidents is how to curb Iran's nuclear program, Iran's leader's emphasis on promoting nuclear knowledge and the policy of the presidents of Iran is in how to promote it. According to the writers of this research, using James Roseau’s national and international theory is a suitable approach for addressing this subject. They have also tried to provide an appropriate answer to this question using explanatory method, library resource documents and a few statistical resources.https://www.spba.ir/article_194169_4bcbc480560216888da393f1f6c83df0.pdfbasijasatidSoft power Studies2322-558013420240121Artificial intelligence as a tool of soft power in public policyArtificial intelligence as a tool of soft power in public policy81100194152FAMehrnooshAbouzariAssistant professor and faculty member of Faculty of Law and Political Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, IranJournal Article20240302Artificial intelligence is one of the new sciences that has been around for a century. Its nature and function, as an aspect of the soft power tool in the modern world, has an undeniable impact on most areas of human life, and as an interdisciplinary matter, it is of special importance in society, economy and the public sector and it has created new opportunities. In this article, the capacities and capabilities of artificial intelligence are explained with a descriptive-analytical method, and along with the operational knowledge of this concept, the specific capabilities and use of artificial intelligence programs in public policy are considered. Because just as the modern government was able to become more effective and efficient in the context of the ability to collect information, in the context of artificial intelligence and its capabilities, it will probably be able to apply better and more efficient governance in the future. On the other hand regardless of the sectors in which artificial intelligence is used, its consequences can affect different levels of the public sphere, including positive consequences and challenges, which is considered in this article.Artificial intelligence is one of the new sciences that has been around for a century. Its nature and function, as an aspect of the soft power tool in the modern world, has an undeniable impact on most areas of human life, and as an interdisciplinary matter, it is of special importance in society, economy and the public sector and it has created new opportunities. In this article, the capacities and capabilities of artificial intelligence are explained with a descriptive-analytical method, and along with the operational knowledge of this concept, the specific capabilities and use of artificial intelligence programs in public policy are considered. Because just as the modern government was able to become more effective and efficient in the context of the ability to collect information, in the context of artificial intelligence and its capabilities, it will probably be able to apply better and more efficient governance in the future. On the other hand regardless of the sectors in which artificial intelligence is used, its consequences can affect different levels of the public sphere, including positive consequences and challenges, which is considered in this article.https://www.spba.ir/article_194152_0ec732b5365c895912e2420a10aafdd5.pdfbasijasatidSoft power Studies2322-558013420240121،The Role of Good Governance and Soft Power in Water Diplomacy with Afghanistan،The Role of Good Governance and Soft Power in Water Diplomacy with Afghanistan101121195120FAMasoumehZahiriphd studentAmirhooshangMirkoosheshDepartment of International Relations, Shahrood Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrood, Iran0000-0001-8378-184XSaeidKamyabisemnan university professorJournal Article20240211Soft power, which is a new kind of power that makes other states attractive and uses influential categories such as culture, values and foreign policy to create rapturous cooperation for governments without conflicts and hostile behaviors, has long been of interest to different countries around the world. Regarding the differences between the border rivers between Iran and Afghanistan that have faced threats and restrictions from the Afghan government to Iran's historical rights, and it is anticipated that based on the reliance on hard power, tensions between the two governments will escalate to the brink of war and conflict, it is possible that by using soft power, the Afghan government will be eager to recognize Iran's share of the Hirmand rivers. Harirud Culturally, it seems that the reliance and prominence of a common Persian culture includes Persian language and literature, a variety of arts, especially poetry and music, and relying on common values such as Islamic and ideological values, preserving the dignity of the neighbor, Xenophobia, especially anti-Americanism, and a non-profit, respectful and reliable foreign policy, can be the most attractive to the eastern neighbor. Also, in the case of economic assistance, the possibility of communication with international open waters and other affairs needed by the government and people of Afghanistan, through a peaceful and appropriate diplomacy, provided the water share and rights of the Iranian people in regard to the border waters. <br /><br />Keywords: Water, Border Rivers, Soft Power, Diplomacy, Iran, AfghanistanSoft power, which is a new kind of power that makes other states attractive and uses influential categories such as culture, values and foreign policy to create rapturous cooperation for governments without conflicts and hostile behaviors, has long been of interest to different countries around the world. Regarding the differences between the border rivers between Iran and Afghanistan that have faced threats and restrictions from the Afghan government to Iran's historical rights, and it is anticipated that based on the reliance on hard power, tensions between the two governments will escalate to the brink of war and conflict, it is possible that by using soft power, the Afghan government will be eager to recognize Iran's share of the Hirmand rivers. Harirud Culturally, it seems that the reliance and prominence of a common Persian culture includes Persian language and literature, a variety of arts, especially poetry and music, and relying on common values such as Islamic and ideological values, preserving the dignity of the neighbor, Xenophobia, especially anti-Americanism, and a non-profit, respectful and reliable foreign policy, can be the most attractive to the eastern neighbor. Also, in the case of economic assistance, the possibility of communication with international open waters and other affairs needed by the government and people of Afghanistan, through a peaceful and appropriate diplomacy, provided the water share and rights of the Iranian people in regard to the border waters. <br /><br />Keywords: Water, Border Rivers, Soft Power, Diplomacy, Iran, Afghanistanhttps://www.spba.ir/article_195120_72a21220b95bdfa87721b27686c0b324.pdfbasijasatidSoft power Studies2322-558013420240121Impact of emerging soft powers on Middle East securityImpact of emerging soft powers on Middle East security123148193574FAMohammadKamarroostastudentSaiedMoghimia0000-0003-0983-9446MIREBRAHIMSEDDIGHFaculty Member of Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch0000-0002-5194-0321Journal Article20231020Abstract<br /><br />This research analyzes the role of the three emerging soft powers China, India and Russia in the security of the Middle East. Indeed, China is a rising revisionist world power and the second largest economy after the United States. Likewise, Russia has revived its global role as a major power since the 2000s. Also, India is widely regarded as a "rising power". India is now projected to become the third largest economy in the world by 2030. In fact, since Obama issued the Asia-Pivot Strategy in 2012, the Middle East has been concerned about the US commitment to the security of the Persian Gulf. They see emerging powers, especially China and India, as substitutes for the US security role. . 1<br /><br />This research also examines the clash of strategies of emerging powers. It explains how the strategy shift of rising powers towards the region for energy or geopolitical considerations has affected their potential security role in the Middle East. This research examines the main interests of emerging soft powers in the Middle East: energy, trade and investment relations.<br /><br />The main argument of this research is that the emerging powers do not develop a coherent strategy for the security of the region, but have short-term policies or approaches, not concrete strategies. The second argument is that emerging powers do not want to provide security in the Middle East region.<br /><br /><br /><br />KAbstract<br /><br />This research analyzes the role of the three emerging soft powers China, India and Russia in the security of the Middle East. Indeed, China is a rising revisionist world power and the second largest economy after the United States. Likewise, Russia has revived its global role as a major power since the 2000s. Also, India is widely regarded as a "rising power". India is now projected to become the third largest economy in the world by 2030. In fact, since Obama issued the Asia-Pivot Strategy in 2012, the Middle East has been concerned about the US commitment to the security of the Persian Gulf. They see emerging powers, especially China and India, as substitutes for the US security role. . 1<br /><br />This research also examines the clash of strategies of emerging powers. It explains how the strategy shift of rising powers towards the region for energy or geopolitical considerations has affected their potential security role in the Middle East. This research examines the main interests of emerging soft powers in the Middle East: energy, trade and investment relations.<br /><br />The main argument of this research is that the emerging powers do not develop a coherent strategy for the security of the region, but have short-term policies or approaches, not concrete strategies. The second argument is that emerging powers do not want to provide security in the Middle East region.<br /><br /><br /><br />Khttps://www.spba.ir/article_193574_14055596d73293e11c06a2a3188d2cfa.pdfbasijasatidSoft power Studies2322-558013420240121The role of soft power of enemies in managing the media and presenting countermeasures from the perspective of the Holy QuranThe role of soft power of enemies in managing the media and presenting countermeasures from the perspective of the Holy Quran149172191873FAMojtabaGhorbanianheiat elmi-SomayeKerdariMaster's degree student, Faculty of Quranic Sciences, Isfahan0009-0005-3646-2965MehdiEsnaasharanaJournal Article20231114In this research, the researcher aims to explain the soft power of the enemies in managing the media and provide countermeasures from the perspective of the Holy Quran. for According to the main research question, with a supplementary review of all the holy verses of the Quran, 1701 verses related to the research topic were extracted from the Holy Quran and analyzed. This research, which is conducted with a mixed method, is used in qualitative analysis based on grounded theory (grounded theory) with coding through MaxQuda software, and in quantitative analysis of the statistical population of the study, which includes the noble verses of the Holy Quran, related interpretations, and also 80 experts. and is practical. The data collection method is field (questionnaire) and library (documents). SPSS and MaxQuda software were used to analyze the data. In order to extract the noble verses of the Qur'an from the frequency table of the distribution of the words of the Qur'an, and based on the findings of this article, the absolute majority (87.36% of the sample population) believe that the soft power of the enemies is effective in managing the media, and the Holy Qur'an provides sound and appropriate solutions to deal with it. such as raising awareness, promoting science and knowledge, identifying the beliefs of the media, adopting policies to attract the audience, using the appropriate pen and word, etc.In this research, the researcher aims to explain the soft power of the enemies in managing the media and provide countermeasures from the perspective of the Holy Quran. for According to the main research question, with a supplementary review of all the holy verses of the Quran, 1701 verses related to the research topic were extracted from the Holy Quran and analyzed. This research, which is conducted with a mixed method, is used in qualitative analysis based on grounded theory (grounded theory) with coding through MaxQuda software, and in quantitative analysis of the statistical population of the study, which includes the noble verses of the Holy Quran, related interpretations, and also 80 experts. and is practical. The data collection method is field (questionnaire) and library (documents). SPSS and MaxQuda software were used to analyze the data. In order to extract the noble verses of the Qur'an from the frequency table of the distribution of the words of the Qur'an, and based on the findings of this article, the absolute majority (87.36% of the sample population) believe that the soft power of the enemies is effective in managing the media, and the Holy Qur'an provides sound and appropriate solutions to deal with it. such as raising awareness, promoting science and knowledge, identifying the beliefs of the media, adopting policies to attract the audience, using the appropriate pen and word, etc.https://www.spba.ir/article_191873_e017b0be981f3ad6c553b5d94d4dd8ee.pdfbasijasatidSoft power Studies2322-558013420240121Examining and explaining the soft invasion and media literacy with emphasis on the statement of the second step of the Islamic revolutionExamining and explaining the soft invasion and media literacy with emphasis on the statement of the second step of the Islamic revolution174193198054FAAbbasAliTalebiAssistant Professor, Department of Political Science and International Relations, Islamic Azad University, Sawadkoh Branch, Sawadkoh, Iran0000-0002-3163-1812Sayed AbolfazlMousavizadehaJournal Article20240329The supreme leader in the fourth decade of the Islamic revolution in the manifesto entitled the statement of the second step of the Islamic revolution, the necessity of forming fundamental changes and recommendations in ethics, economy, justice, fighting corruption and factors for the formation of changes such as empowering human resources in the face of soft aggression has expressed as a road map in the implementation of the plan of Islamic civilization. The focus of this statement is soft aggression, media war and its effect on inducing despair, distorting narratives, changing identity and lifestyle. This research, using the descriptive-analytical method, addressed the question of whether the western media with its characteristics What has been the impact of learning and multiple opportunities on the youth according to the state of domestic politics? hypothesis, broadcasting of targeted media programs in the cognitive field had the greatest effect on changing the attitude of young people. findings show that lifestyle programs, identity change, and stimulation of desires are due to weakness. Media literacy has had the greatest effect in passivizing and creating a break in today's generation and the weakness of institutions' policies in promoting media literacy has not only helped to consolidate this trend, but also in empowering human resources in the face of soft media invasion. the lack of separation between education and culture, the lack of creativity and responsiveness to the growing wave of communication tools with the wide and multiplicity of production contents, it does not have a defensible function.The supreme leader in the fourth decade of the Islamic revolution in the manifesto entitled the statement of the second step of the Islamic revolution, the necessity of forming fundamental changes and recommendations in ethics, economy, justice, fighting corruption and factors for the formation of changes such as empowering human resources in the face of soft aggression has expressed as a road map in the implementation of the plan of Islamic civilization. The focus of this statement is soft aggression, media war and its effect on inducing despair, distorting narratives, changing identity and lifestyle. This research, using the descriptive-analytical method, addressed the question of whether the western media with its characteristics What has been the impact of learning and multiple opportunities on the youth according to the state of domestic politics? hypothesis, broadcasting of targeted media programs in the cognitive field had the greatest effect on changing the attitude of young people. findings show that lifestyle programs, identity change, and stimulation of desires are due to weakness. Media literacy has had the greatest effect in passivizing and creating a break in today's generation and the weakness of institutions' policies in promoting media literacy has not only helped to consolidate this trend, but also in empowering human resources in the face of soft media invasion. the lack of separation between education and culture, the lack of creativity and responsiveness to the growing wave of communication tools with the wide and multiplicity of production contents, it does not have a defensible function.https://www.spba.ir/article_198054_5970efa2e0ecb91c98167f9410b35838.pdfbasijasatidSoft power Studies2322-558013420240121BRICS soft power enhancement requirements; Capacities and solutionsBRICS soft power enhancement requirements; Capacities and solutions195221194462FAHosseinKarimifardDepartment of Political Science, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, IranJournal Article20240208BRICS positions itself as a form of international union that includes Russia, India, Brazil, China and the Republic of South Africa. It acknowledges cultural diversity and authenticity of countries that are members of the union. Another characteristic feature of BRICS is that it brought together countries that are very different from each other and are located at the opposite sides of the world, have versatile cultural foundations, languages, religion and philosophy and even political Styles of government. IN most articles written about BRICS, less attention is paid to cultural issues .IN this research, an attempt is made to analyze the diversity of the BRICS countries and the barriers to cultural exchanges between them using the analytical method and using various of data. The question of this article is: What capabilities and capacities of the BRICS organization with emphasis on soft power and cultural pluralism; They have the direction of cultural exchange. The hypothesis of this research, which is tried to be proved by analytical and explanatory method, is: BRICS member countries with emphasis on cultural diversity and pluralism and having cultural and civilizational capacities and capabilities such as tourism, museum, film. , the types of arts and the formation of different assemblies from academicians' assembly and civic associations by promoting mutual understanding, creating networks, promoting relations and strengthening soft power and cultural exchanges have caused more productive partnershipsBRICS positions itself as a form of international union that includes Russia, India, Brazil, China and the Republic of South Africa. It acknowledges cultural diversity and authenticity of countries that are members of the union. Another characteristic feature of BRICS is that it brought together countries that are very different from each other and are located at the opposite sides of the world, have versatile cultural foundations, languages, religion and philosophy and even political Styles of government. IN most articles written about BRICS, less attention is paid to cultural issues .IN this research, an attempt is made to analyze the diversity of the BRICS countries and the barriers to cultural exchanges between them using the analytical method and using various of data. The question of this article is: What capabilities and capacities of the BRICS organization with emphasis on soft power and cultural pluralism; They have the direction of cultural exchange. The hypothesis of this research, which is tried to be proved by analytical and explanatory method, is: BRICS member countries with emphasis on cultural diversity and pluralism and having cultural and civilizational capacities and capabilities such as tourism, museum, film. , the types of arts and the formation of different assemblies from academicians' assembly and civic associations by promoting mutual understanding, creating networks, promoting relations and strengthening soft power and cultural exchanges have caused more productive partnershipshttps://www.spba.ir/article_194462_e4d3660e5d6ff4fd7b2d939b06e7e20c.pdfbasijasatidSoft power Studies2322-558013420240121The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on the Soft Power of StatesThe Impact of Artificial Intelligence on the Soft Power of States223244197036FAAliBagheri DolatabadiAssociate Professor in International Relation, department of political science at Yasouj university0000-0002-4584-5870Journal Article20231228Artificial intelligence is rapidly changing the world of politics and its concepts. One of these concepts is soft power. The main question of the article is, what effect has AI had on the soft power of states and their resources? The hypothesis of the research is that AI has increased the possibility of using soft power resources and has also made soft power tools more efficient and widespread. The gathered data by using the library method was evaluated with an analytical-explanatory method. The findings showed that AI, in addition to influencing the three sources of culture, political values and foreign policy, which is emphasized by Joseph Nye, has led to the improvement of the external image of states. Also, this technology has helped the states to change the attitudes and preferences of the people of other countries by using new methods and tools more easily. In addition, AI has provided the opportunities for states to create different types of textual, visual and audio contents in the shortest possible time, in different languages, with the highest quality.Artificial intelligence is rapidly changing the world of politics and its concepts. One of these concepts is soft power. The main question of the article is, what effect has AI had on the soft power of states and their resources? The hypothesis of the research is that AI has increased the possibility of using soft power resources and has also made soft power tools more efficient and widespread. The gathered data by using the library method was evaluated with an analytical-explanatory method. The findings showed that AI, in addition to influencing the three sources of culture, political values and foreign policy, which is emphasized by Joseph Nye, has led to the improvement of the external image of states. Also, this technology has helped the states to change the attitudes and preferences of the people of other countries by using new methods and tools more easily. In addition, AI has provided the opportunities for states to create different types of textual, visual and audio contents in the shortest possible time, in different languages, with the highest quality.https://www.spba.ir/article_197036_3ef8926d07b5db631e75f02c64daf2e0.pdfbasijasatidSoft power Studies2322-558013420240121The intelligent leadership of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps under the authority of the Islamic RepublicThe intelligent leadership of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps under the authority of the Islamic Republic245263192512FAFaridMohammadiDoctoral student of political science at Allameh Tabatabai UniversityGholam RezaKhajeh Sarvifull proffessor of political science at Allameh Tabatabai UniversityAbbas AliRahbarfullp roffessor of polotical science at Allameh tabatabaei universityJournal Article20240106The current research aims to examine the role of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps in the Iran, in the form of intelligent leadership, to determine the position of the Revolutionary Guards Corps to deal with the threats of hard power (military, economic) and threats of soft power (political, socio-cultural) that are Enemies have been imposed. The main question of the research is how sepah has strengthened the authority in the form of intelligent leadership (soft power and hard power)? In order to answer this question, the hypothesis has been proposed that the IRGC has strengthened the authority of the of Iran in fulfilling the main slogans of the revolution in various economic, social, political and military dimensions with the all-round growth of the country's potentials. The method of data collection is documentary and interpretive, and books, articles, and reference sites were used, and we used a comparative strategy. The method of data analysis is based on descriptive-explanatory. The research findings indicate that there is a direct relationship between the threats in Iran. Therefore, the wider the range of threats, the IRGC has strengthened and consolidated the authority of the Iran system with its intelligent leadership in dealing with these threats. In terms of equalizing the power of hard and soft leadership, in the military sector, the IRGC consolidates the authority of the Islamic Republic of Iran more than in other cases; After that, it has strengthened the economic, political and socio-cultural sectors respectively.The current research aims to examine the role of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps in the Iran, in the form of intelligent leadership, to determine the position of the Revolutionary Guards Corps to deal with the threats of hard power (military, economic) and threats of soft power (political, socio-cultural) that are Enemies have been imposed. The main question of the research is how sepah has strengthened the authority in the form of intelligent leadership (soft power and hard power)? In order to answer this question, the hypothesis has been proposed that the IRGC has strengthened the authority of the of Iran in fulfilling the main slogans of the revolution in various economic, social, political and military dimensions with the all-round growth of the country's potentials. The method of data collection is documentary and interpretive, and books, articles, and reference sites were used, and we used a comparative strategy. The method of data analysis is based on descriptive-explanatory. The research findings indicate that there is a direct relationship between the threats in Iran. Therefore, the wider the range of threats, the IRGC has strengthened and consolidated the authority of the Iran system with its intelligent leadership in dealing with these threats. In terms of equalizing the power of hard and soft leadership, in the military sector, the IRGC consolidates the authority of the Islamic Republic of Iran more than in other cases; After that, it has strengthened the economic, political and socio-cultural sectors respectively.https://www.spba.ir/article_192512_a195d0b5b210e0a4f4411c99cd1aafd9.pdfbasijasatidSoft power Studies2322-558013420240121Studying the Role of Social Capital in the Formation of the Islamic Republic of Iran based on the Political Thoughts of Imam KhomeiniStudying the Role of Social Capital in the Formation of the Islamic Republic of Iran based on the Political Thoughts of Imam Khomeini265280196915FAAbdollahPiroziVice President of Education and Training of Basij Teachers Organization of Khuzestan Province0000-0002-8011-4512Journal Article20231031Social capital as one of the governance challenges is the subject of extensive theoretical debates at different levels of analysis. Accurate knowledge of social capital and its components are the essential prerequisites for its application in order to achieve the micro and macro goals of the society. The Islamic Republic of Iran emerged from the context of the Islamic religion and based on the ideas derived from it, especially the view of Imam Khomeini. Therefore, it is very important to refer to authentic religious sources and Imam Khomeini's thoughts in the field of social capital to facilitate and accelerate the realization and formation of the Islamic Republic. Of course, despite the importance of the subject, few studies have been done in this field. Thus, the current article seeks to answer the question of what role the components of social capital played in the realization and formation of the Islamic Republic based on the political thoughts of Imam Khomeini. In order to achieve this goal, in the form of conceptual analysis, the method of research-analytical-inferential study has been used. The findings of the article show that in the political thoughts of Imam Khomeini, the preservation, strengthening and application of the components of social capital such as values and norms, social bonds, and public trust have been used. The participation is emphasized in the realization and formation of the Islamic Republic.Social capital as one of the governance challenges is the subject of extensive theoretical debates at different levels of analysis. Accurate knowledge of social capital and its components are the essential prerequisites for its application in order to achieve the micro and macro goals of the society. The Islamic Republic of Iran emerged from the context of the Islamic religion and based on the ideas derived from it, especially the view of Imam Khomeini. Therefore, it is very important to refer to authentic religious sources and Imam Khomeini's thoughts in the field of social capital to facilitate and accelerate the realization and formation of the Islamic Republic. Of course, despite the importance of the subject, few studies have been done in this field. Thus, the current article seeks to answer the question of what role the components of social capital played in the realization and formation of the Islamic Republic based on the political thoughts of Imam Khomeini. In order to achieve this goal, in the form of conceptual analysis, the method of research-analytical-inferential study has been used. The findings of the article show that in the political thoughts of Imam Khomeini, the preservation, strengthening and application of the components of social capital such as values and norms, social bonds, and public trust have been used. The participation is emphasized in the realization and formation of the Islamic Republic.https://www.spba.ir/article_196915_5c52c79c5676acea45185c37d21f90c5.pdf